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What is a seizure disorder?

A disorder of the central nervous system that is characterized by sudden seizures, muscle contractions and partial or total loss of consciousness.

Basic types of Seizure Disorders:

  • Tonic-Clonic or Grand Mal - this type of epilepsy causes a loss of consciousness and is often accompanied by movements such as eyelid twitching to total body shaking. The tonic-clonic seizure usually lasts one to three minutes. The person may have a warning called the "aura" that a seizure is about to occur. The aura can be a taste, sound, feeling, or vision and can prepare the person for the seizure.
  • Absence or Petit Mal - momentary losses of consciousness. The person may stop what he or she is doing, stare into space, drop something, or blink their eyes rapidly. These seizures last five to thirty seconds and may take place many times a day. Absence seizures are commonly associated with children between four and fourteen years of age.
  • Complex-partial: Once known as temporal lobe or psychomotor, this type causes the person to lose consciousness yet still feel and do things during the seizure. The person might have tantrums or make repetitive movements like lip-smacking, picking at clothes, or rubbing hands or legs. These seizures can last a few minutes or several hours.
  • Status Epilepticus: These seizures continue for a long time without the person regaining consciousness and can be life threatening.
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    FG Syndrome Family Alliance, Inc., 2009


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